Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Synonyms

Arnold Chiari Deformity

Arnold Chiari Malformation

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type 1

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type 2

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type 3

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type 4

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type I

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type II

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type III

Arnold Chiari Malformation, Type IV

Arnold Chiari Syndrome

Arnold-Chiari Deformity

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type 1

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type 2

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type 3

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type 4

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type I

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type II

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type III

Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Type IV

Arnold-Chiari Syndrome

Chiari Malformation Type 2

Chiari Malformation Type I

Chiari Malformation Type II

Deformity, Arnold-Chiari

Malformation, Arnold Chiari

Malformation, Arnold-Chiari

Syndrome, Arnold-Chiari

Type I Arnold Chiari Malformation

Type I Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Type II Arnold Chiari Malformation

Type II Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Type III Arnold Chiari Malformation

Type III Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Type IV Arnold Chiari Malformation

Type IV Arnold-Chiari Malformation

A group of congenital malformations involving the brainstem, cerebellum, upper spinal cord, and surrounding bony structures. Type II is the most common, and features compression of the medulla and cerebellar tonsils into the upper cervical spinal canal and an associated MENINGOMYELOCELE. Type I features similar, but less severe malformations and is without an associated meningomyelocele. Type III has the features of type II with an additional herniation of the entire cerebellum through the bony defect involving the foramen magnum, forming an ENCEPHALOCELE. Type IV is a form a cerebellar hypoplasia. Clinical manifestations of types I-III include TORTICOLLIS; opisthotonus; HEADACHE; VERTIGO; VOCAL CORD PARALYSIS; APNEA; NYSTAGMUS, CONGENITAL; swallowing difficulties; and ATAXIA. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p261; Davis, Textbook of Neuropathology, 2nd ed, pp236-46)